- Process IntroductionThe chemical changes caused by electric current passing through an electrolyte solution or molten electrolyte at the electrodes are called electrolytic reactions. The process involving electrolytic reactions is termed electrolysis. Many basic chemical industrial products (such as hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, caustic soda, hydrogen peroxide, etc.) are prepared by electrolysis.
Typical Processes
(1) Electrolysis of sodium chloride (salt) aqueous solution produces chlorine gas, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen gas.
(2) Electrolysis of potassium chloride aqueous solution produces chlorine gas, potassium hydroxide, and hydrogen gas.
Reaction Type
Reaction type: Exothermic reaction.
Process Hazard Characteristics
(1) Hydrogen gas produced during the electrolysis of saline solution is highly flammable, while chlorine gas is a strong oxidizing and highly toxic gas. The mixture of these two gases can easily lead to explosions. When the hydrogen content in chlorine gas exceeds 5%, it may explode upon exposure to light or heat.
(2) If ammonium salts in the saline solution exceed the standard, under suitable conditions (pH < 4.5), ammonium salts react with chlorine gas to produce ammonium chloride, and concentrated ammonium chloride solution with chlorine gas can also produce a yellow oily substance, nitrogen trichloride. Nitrogen trichloride is an explosive substance that undergoes violent decomposition and explosion upon contact with many organic materials or heating above 90°C, as well as impact, friction, etc.
(3) The electrolyte is highly corrosive.
(4) Production, storage, packaging, transportation, and transportation processes of liquid oxygen may lead to chlorine leakage.
Key Monitoring Units
Key monitoring units: electrolytic cell, chlorine gas storage and transportation units.
Key Control Process Parameters
(1) Liquid level in the electrolytic cell.
(2) Internal current and voltage of the electrolytic cell.
(3) Flow rates into and out of the electrolytic cell.
(4) Concentration of flammable and toxic gases.
(5) Temperature and pressure of the electrolytic cell.
(6) Ammonium content in raw materials.
(7) Chlorine impurity content (water, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen trichloride, etc.).
Basic Safety Control Requirements
(1) Temperature, pressure, liquid level, and flow rate alarm and interlock.
(2) Alarm interlock release.
(3) Emergency interlock cut-off device.
(4) Chlorine absorption and neutralization system under accident conditions.
(5) Flammable and toxic gas detection and alarm devices, etc.
Control Methods to Be Adopted
(1) Locking; the system is equipped with an interlocking parking system.
(2) Emergency discharge valves, level gauges, check valves, emergency shut-off devices.
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Phone:+ 86 13092919327